192 lines
5.5 KiB
Markdown
192 lines
5.5 KiB
Markdown
# is What? 🙉
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Very simple & small JS type check functions. It's fully TypeScript supported!
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```
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npm i is-what
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```
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Or for deno available at: `"deno.land/x/is_what"`
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## Motivation
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I built is-what because the existing solutions were all too complex or too poorly built.
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I was looking for:
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- A simple way to check any kind of type (including non-primitives)
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- Be able to check if an object is a plain object `{}` or a special object (like a class instance) ‼️
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- Let TypeScript automatically know what type a value is when checking
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And that's exactly what `is-what` is! (what a great wordplay 😃)
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## Usage
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is-what is really easy to use, and most functions work just like you'd expect.
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```js
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// import functions you want to use like so:
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import { isString, isDate, isPlainObject } from 'is-what'
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```
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1. First I'll go over the simple functions available. Only `isNumber` and `isDate` have special treatment.
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2. After that I'll talk about working with Objects (plain objects vs class instances etc.).
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3. Lastly I'll talk about TypeScript implementation
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### Simple type check functions
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```js
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// strings
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isString('') // true
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isEmptyString('') // true
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isFullString('') // false
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// numbers
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isNumber(0) // true
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isNumber(NaN) // false
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// dates
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isDate(new Date()) // true
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isDate(new Date('invalid date')) // false
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// others
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isBoolean(false) // true
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isFunction(function () {}) // true
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isArray([]) // true
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isUndefined(undefined) // true
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isNull(null) // true
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isRegExp(/\s/gi) // true
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isSymbol(Symbol()) // true
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isBlob(new Blob()) // true
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isFile(new File([''], '', { type: 'text/html' })) // true
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// primitives
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isPrimitive('') // true
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// true for any of: boolean, null, undefined, number, string, symbol
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```
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### Getting and checking for specific types
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You can check for specific types with `getType` and `isType`:
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```js
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import { getType, isType } from 'is-what'
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getType('') // returns 'String'
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// pass a Type as second param:
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isType('', String) // returns true
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```
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### isPlainObject vs isAnyObject
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Checking for a JavaScript object can be really difficult. In JavaScript you can create classes that will behave just like JavaScript objects but might have completely different prototypes. With is-what I went for this classification:
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- `isPlainObject` will only return `true` on plain JavaScript objects and not on classes or others
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- `isAnyObject` will be more loose and return `true` on regular objects, classes, etc.
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```js
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// define a plain object
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const plainObject = {hello: 'I am a good old object.'}
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// define a special object
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class SpecialObject {
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constructor (somethingSpecial) {
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this.speciality = somethingSpecial
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}
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}
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const specialObject = new SpecialObject('I am a special object! I am a class instance!!!')
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// check the plain object
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isPlainObject(plainObject) // returns true
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isAnyObject(plainObject) // returns true
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getType(plainObject) // returns 'Object'
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// check the special object
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isPlainObject(specialObject) // returns false !!!!!!!!!
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isAnyObject(specialObject) // returns true
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getType(specialObject) // returns 'Object'
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```
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> Please note that `isPlainObject` will only return `true` for normal plain JavaScript objects.
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## TypeScript
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is-what makes TypeScript know the type during if statements. This means that a check returns the type of the payload for TypeScript users.
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```ts
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function isNumber (payload: any): payload is number {
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// return boolean
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}
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// As you can see above, all functions return a boolean for JavaScript, but pass the payload type to TypeScript.
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// usage example:
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function fn (payload: string | number): number {
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if (isNumber(payload)) {
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// ↑ TypeScript already knows payload is a number here!
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return payload
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}
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return 0
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}
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```
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`isPlainObject` and `isAnyObject` with TypeScript will declare the payload to be an object type with any props:
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```ts
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function isPlainObject (payload: any): payload is {[key: string]: any}
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function isAnyObject (payload: any): payload is {[key: string]: any}
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// The reason to return `{[key: string]: any}` is to be able to do
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if (isPlainObject(payload) && payload.id) return payload.id
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// if isPlainObject() would return `payload is object` then it would give an error at `payload.id`
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```
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### isObjectLike
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If you want more control over which kind of objects are allowed you can use `isObjectLike<T>`:
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```ts
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import { isObjectLike } from 'is-what'
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// usage examples:
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isObjectLike<{specificKey: string}>(payload)
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isObjectLike<object>(payload)
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// you can pass a specific type for TS to check on.
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```
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`isObjectLike<T>` works like this under the hood:
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```ts
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function isObjectLike<T extends object> (payload: any): payload is T {
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return isAnyObject(payload)
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}
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```
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## Meet the family
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- [is-what 🙉](https://github.com/mesqueeb/is-what)
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- [merge-anything 🥡](https://github.com/mesqueeb/merge-anything)
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- [filter-anything ⚔️](https://github.com/mesqueeb/filter-anything)
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- [find-and-replace-anything 🎣](https://github.com/mesqueeb/find-and-replace-anything)
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- [compare-anything 🛰](https://github.com/mesqueeb/compare-anything)
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- [copy-anything 🎭](https://github.com/mesqueeb/copy-anything)
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- [flatten-anything 🏏](https://github.com/mesqueeb/flatten-anything)
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## Source code
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It's litterally just these functions:
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```js
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function getType (payload) {
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return Object.prototype.toString.call(payload).slice(8, -1)
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}
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function isUndefined (payload) {
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return getType(payload) === 'Undefined'
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}
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function isString (payload) {
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return getType(payload) === 'String'
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}
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function isAnyObject (payload) {
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return getType(payload) === 'Object'
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}
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// etc...
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```
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See the full source code [here](https://github.com/mesqueeb/is-what/blob/master/src/index.ts).
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